Definisi Kaca Tempered (Tempered Glass)
Kaca tempered atau kaca yang dikeraskan adalah jenis kaca pengaman yang diproses dengan cara dipanaskan pada suhu tertentu atau proses kimiawi yang terkontrol untuk meningkatkan kekuatannya dibandingkan dengan kaca biasa.
Proses tempering menempatkan permukaan luar kaca ke dalam kompresi hingga bagian dalam kaca menjadi tegang. Dengan tekanan seperti itu menyebabkan disaat kaca pecah atau hancur menjadi bongkahan butiran kecil, bukan menjadi pecahan bergerigi atau lancip seperti yang dilakukan kaca biasa.
Sebelum kaca dikeraskan atau masuk ke proses tempering maka terlebih dahulu kaca dipotong dan dibentuk sesuai dengan kegunaannya, karena kaca yang ditempering tidak bisa dipotong dan dibentuk lagi.
Kegunaan Kaca Tempered
Karena keamanan dan kekuatannya, kaca tempered digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi, termasuk jendela kendaraan, partisi atau sekat ruangan, shower box, pintu dan meja kaca arsitektural, laci lemari es, pelindung layar ponsel, komponen kaca anti peluru, masker selam, dan berbagai jenis piring dan alat masak.
Aplikasi khas kaca tempered lainnya meliputi:
- Pintu balkon
- Fasilitas atletik
- Kolam renang
- Material bangunan
- Pintu shower dan area kamar mandi
- Area pameran dan pajangan
- Menara atau casing komputer
- dan lain – lain
Definisi Kaca Laminated (Laminated Glass)
Laminated Glass terdiri dari dua kaca atau lebih yang dilapisi oleh interlayer film PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral), EVA (Ethylene-vinyl Acetate) dan Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU). Lapisan kaca PVB diproses menggunakan mesin autoclave, sehingga hasil pembakaran dan pelapisan kaca lebih sempurna. Sedangkan kaca EVA menggunakan mesin vacum, yang sering digunakan untuk kaca laminated bermotif.
Kaca laminasi (laminated glass) dikenal juga sebagai jenis kaca pengaman yang menyatu saat pecah . Jika terjadi kerusakan ataupun pecah, akan tertahan oleh interlayer, di antara dua atau lebih lapisan kaca tersebut.
Interlayer menjaga agar lapisan kaca tetap terikat bahkan saat pecah, dan kekuatannya yang tinggi mencegah kaca pecah menjadi potongan tajam yang besar. Hal ini menghasilkan karakteristik pola retak “jaring laba-laba” jika benturan tidak cukup kuat untuk menembus semua lapisan kaca.
Kegunaan Laminated Glass
Kaca laminasi biasanya digunakan ketika ada kemungkinan aktivitas benturan manusia dan juga untuk aplikasi arsitektur. Kaca skylight dan kaca depan mobil biasanya menggunakan kaca laminasi. Di wilayah geografis yang membutuhkan konstruksi tahan badai, kaca laminasi sering digunakan di etalase eksterior, dinding tirai , dan jendela.
Aplikasi khas kaca laminated lainnya meliputi:
- Atap kanopi teras rumah
- Dinding kolam renang
- Akuarium
- Kaca mobil
- Lapisan Kaca Patri
- Interior ruangan
- dan lain – lain
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